pre match

Football betting has become a popular pastime for fans around the world. Whether you’re a seasoned bettor or a newcomer, understanding the intricacies of pre-match betting can significantly enhance your experience and potentially increase your winnings. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about pre-match betting in football. What is Pre-Match Betting? Pre-match betting, also known as ante-post betting, refers to placing bets before a football match begins. This type of betting allows you to analyze various factors and make informed decisions based on your research and intuition.

  • Lucky Ace Palace
    new
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Cash King Palace
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Flush Lounge
    Opulent Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

Source

  1. pre match
  2. pre match
  3. pre match
  4. pre match
  5. pre match
  6. pre match

pre match

Football betting has become a popular pastime for fans around the world. Whether you’re a seasoned bettor or a newcomer, understanding the intricacies of pre-match betting can significantly enhance your experience and potentially increase your winnings. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about pre-match betting in football.

What is Pre-Match Betting?

Pre-match betting, also known as ante-post betting, refers to placing bets before a football match begins. This type of betting allows you to analyze various factors and make informed decisions based on your research and intuition.

Key Features of Pre-Match Betting

  • Time Advantage: You have ample time to research and analyze the match.
  • Wide Range of Markets: Numerous betting options are available, including match winner, total goals, and player props.
  • Fixed Odds: Odds are fixed at the time of placing the bet, providing stability.

Steps to Successful Pre-Match Betting

1. Research and Analysis

Before placing any bet, thorough research is crucial. Here are some key areas to focus on:

  • Team Form: Analyze the recent performance of both teams.
  • Head-to-Head Records: Look at previous encounters between the two teams.
  • Injuries and Suspensions: Check for any key players missing due to injury or suspension.
  • Home and Away Performance: Consider how each team performs at home versus away.
  • Weather Conditions: Weather can impact the game, especially in outdoor sports.

2. Understand the Betting Markets

Familiarize yourself with the different types of pre-match betting markets:

  • Match Winner: Bet on which team will win the match.
  • Double Chance: Bet on two outcomes (e.g., Team A wins or draws).
  • Total Goals: Predict the total number of goals scored in the match.
  • Both Teams to Score: Bet on whether both teams will score.
  • Handicap Betting: One team starts with a virtual lead or deficit.

3. Manage Your Bankroll

Effective bankroll management is essential for long-term success in betting:

  • Set a Budget: Determine how much you can afford to lose.
  • Stick to Your Limits: Avoid chasing losses by sticking to your predetermined budget.
  • Use Staking Plans: Consider flat betting or percentage-based staking plans.

4. Stay Informed

Keep up-to-date with the latest news and developments:

  • Follow Expert Analysis: Read articles and watch videos from reputable analysts.
  • Join Betting Communities: Engage with other bettors to share insights and strategies.
  • Use Betting Apps: Utilize apps that provide real-time updates and statistics.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Overconfidence

Avoid placing bets based solely on your favorite team’s performance. Always consider the facts and statistics.

2. Ignoring Value Bets

Look for bets where the odds are in your favor. Value bets are those where the probability of an outcome is higher than the odds suggest.

3. Chasing Losses

Never increase your bet size to recover previous losses. This can lead to significant financial strain.

4. Lack of Discipline

Stick to your research and betting strategy. Impulsive decisions can lead to poor outcomes.

Pre-match betting in football offers a thrilling and potentially rewarding experience. By conducting thorough research, understanding the betting markets, managing your bankroll effectively, and staying informed, you can increase your chances of success. Remember to avoid common pitfalls and always bet responsibly. Happy betting!

william hill football

Introduction to William Hill

William Hill, one of the most renowned names in the gambling industry, has been a cornerstone of sports betting for decades. Founded in 1934, the company has grown to become a global leader in sports betting, with a particular focus on football. William Hill offers a comprehensive platform for football enthusiasts, providing a wide range of betting options, competitive odds, and a user-friendly interface.

Betting Options on William Hill Football

1. Pre-Match Betting

Pre-match betting is the most traditional form of football betting. William Hill offers a plethora of options for pre-match bets, including:

  • Match Result: Bet on the outcome of the match (Home Win, Draw, Away Win).
  • Double Chance: Increase your chances by betting on two possible outcomes (e.g., Home Win or Draw).
  • Both Teams to Score: Predict whether both teams will score in the match.
  • Over/Under Goals: Bet on the total number of goals scored in the match.
  • Correct Score: Predict the exact scoreline of the match.

2. Live Betting

Live betting, also known as in-play betting, allows you to place bets while the match is ongoing. William Hill’s live betting platform is one of the most advanced in the industry, offering:

  • Live Match Tracker: A visual representation of the match’s progress.
  • Real-Time Odds: Dynamic odds that change based on the match’s flow.
  • Quick Bets: Fast-paced betting options for those who want to act quickly.

3. Special Bets

William Hill also offers a variety of special bets that go beyond the standard match outcomes:

  • First Goalscorer: Bet on which player will score the first goal.
  • Half-Time/Full-Time: Predict the outcome at half-time and full-time.
  • Player Specials: Bets on individual player performances (e.g., number of goals, assists).
  • Tournament Bets: Bet on outcomes for entire tournaments, such as the Premier League or World Cup.

William Hill Football App

1. Features

The William Hill Football app is designed to provide a seamless betting experience on the go:

  • User-Friendly Interface: Easy navigation and quick access to all betting options.
  • Live Streaming: Watch live football matches directly through the app.
  • Push Notifications: Receive real-time updates on your bets and match events.
  • Secure Transactions: Safe and reliable payment methods for deposits and withdrawals.

2. Compatibility

The app is available for both iOS and Android devices, ensuring that users can access their accounts and place bets from virtually any smartphone or tablet.

Promotions and Bonuses

William Hill frequently offers promotions and bonuses tailored to football bettors:

  • Welcome Bonus: A generous bonus for new users who sign up and make their first deposit.
  • Acca Insurance: Get your stake back as a free bet if one leg of your accumulator lets you down.
  • Price Boosts: Enhanced odds on selected football matches and markets.
  • Free Bets: Regularly offered for specific events or promotions.

Customer Support

William Hill prides itself on its customer support services:

  • 247 Support: Available via live chat, email, and phone.
  • Comprehensive FAQ: A detailed FAQ section that addresses common queries.
  • Responsible Gambling: Tools and resources to help users gamble responsibly.

William Hill Football offers a robust and diverse platform for football betting enthusiasts. With a wide range of betting options, competitive odds, and a user-friendly interface, it remains a top choice for both casual and seasoned bettors. Whether you’re into pre-match betting, live betting, or special bets, William Hill has something for everyone.

betfair tennis retirement rules

Betfair, one of the leading online betting exchanges, has specific rules governing tennis bets, especially when it comes to player retirements. Understanding these rules is crucial for bettors to avoid unexpected losses and ensure a fair betting experience. This article delves into the intricacies of Betfair’s tennis retirement rules.

Key Points of Betfair Tennis Retirement Rules

1. In-Play Bets

  • In-Play Bets Before the First Point: If a player retires before the first point is played, all bets are void and stakes are returned.
  • In-Play Bets After the First Point: If a player retires after the first point has been played, bets stand and are settled based on the result at the time of retirement.

2. Pre-Match Bets

  • Pre-Match Bets Before the First Point: If a player retires before the first point is played, all pre-match bets are void and stakes are returned.
  • Pre-Match Bets After the First Point: If a player retires after the first point has been played, pre-match bets are settled based on the result at the time of retirement.

3. Settlement of Bets

  • Match Winner: If a player retires, the opponent is deemed the winner unless the retirement happens before the first point is played.
  • Game/Set Betting: Bets on individual games or sets are settled based on the result at the time of retirement.
  • Tournament Winner: Bets on the tournament winner are not affected by retirements during individual matches.

4. Special Cases

  • Injury Timeouts: If a player takes an injury timeout and subsequently retires, the rules for retirement apply.
  • Weather Interruptions: If a match is interrupted by weather and a player retires upon resumption, the rules for retirement apply.

Examples to Illustrate the Rules

Example 1: Pre-Match Bet on Match Winner

  • Scenario: You bet on Player A to win the match. Player A retires after the first point is played.
  • Outcome: Your bet is settled as a loss since Player A retired.

Example 2: In-Play Bet on Game Winner

  • Scenario: You bet on Player B to win the next game. Player B retires before the game is completed.
  • Outcome: Your bet is voided, and your stake is returned.

Example 3: Pre-Match Bet on Tournament Winner

  • Scenario: You bet on Player C to win the tournament. Player C retires in the first match.
  • Outcome: Your bet stands, and you will either win or lose based on Player C’s performance in subsequent matches.

Understanding Betfair’s tennis retirement rules is essential for any serious bettor. By knowing how bets are settled in the event of a player’s retirement, you can make more informed betting decisions and avoid potential pitfalls. Always review the specific rules for each bet type and match to ensure a smooth betting experience.

that match

Introduction

In the world of sports betting, few experiences can rival the excitement of live betting, often referred to as “in-play” betting. This form of wagering allows bettors to place bets on a match as it unfolds, adding a dynamic and thrilling dimension to the traditional pre-match betting. The term “that match” encapsulates the essence of live sports betting, where every second can change the course of the game and the outcome of your bet.

The Evolution of Live Betting

From Traditional to Modern

  • Traditional Betting: Historically, sports betting was confined to pre-match wagers, where bettors would place their bets before the game started. This limited the betting options and the excitement factor.
  • Modern Live Betting: With the advent of technology, live betting has revolutionized the industry. Now, bettors can place bets during the match, reacting to the unfolding events in real-time.

Technological Advancements

  • Mobile Betting: The rise of smartphones and mobile apps has made live betting more accessible than ever. Bettors can now place bets from anywhere, at any time.
  • Live Streaming: Many betting platforms offer live streaming of matches, allowing bettors to watch the game and place bets simultaneously.

The Appeal of Live Betting

Real-Time Excitement

  • Dynamic Odds: Live betting offers constantly changing odds, reflecting the current state of the match. This dynamic nature keeps bettors engaged and on the edge of their seats.
  • Immediate Reactions: Bettors can react to events as they happen, such as a goal, a red card, or a change in momentum. This immediacy adds a layer of excitement that pre-match betting cannot match.

Increased Betting Options

  • Wide Range of Markets: Live betting offers a plethora of markets, including next goal scorer, next team to score, and even specific events like a corner kick or a penalty.
  • Flexibility: Bettors can adjust their strategies based on the flow of the game, making live betting a more flexible and adaptable form of wagering.

Strategies for Live Betting

Stay Informed

  • Match Knowledge: Understanding the teams, players, and match conditions is crucial. Stay updated with the latest news and statistics.
  • Live Updates: Use live score apps and websites to keep track of the match in real-time.

Manage Your Bankroll

  • Set Limits: Establish a budget for live betting and stick to it. Avoid chasing losses by placing impulsive bets.
  • Patience: Wait for the right opportunities. Not every moment is a betting opportunity.

Analyze the Game

  • Momentum Shifts: Identify shifts in momentum and capitalize on them. For example, if a team is dominating, consider betting on them to score next.
  • Injuries and Substitutions: Keep an eye on player injuries and substitutions, as they can significantly impact the game.

Risks and Considerations

Volatility

  • Fluctuating Odds: The odds in live betting can change rapidly, sometimes within seconds. This volatility can be both an opportunity and a risk.
  • Emotional Decisions: The fast-paced nature of live betting can lead to emotional decisions. Stay calm and rational.
  • Regulations: Ensure that live betting is legal in your jurisdiction. Familiarize yourself with the regulations and guidelines.
  • Responsible Gambling: Practice responsible gambling. If you feel that betting is affecting your life negatively, seek help.

“That match” encapsulates the essence of live sports betting, offering a thrilling and dynamic experience that traditional pre-match betting cannot match. With the right strategies, knowledge, and discipline, live betting can be a rewarding and exciting way to engage with your favorite sports. However, it is essential to approach live betting responsibly and with a clear understanding of the risks involved.

Frequently Questions

How does live cricket betting differ from pre-match betting?

Live cricket betting, also known as in-play betting, allows bettors to place wagers as the match unfolds, offering dynamic odds that change based on real-time events. This form of betting requires quick decision-making and adaptability, as odds can fluctuate rapidly. In contrast, pre-match betting involves placing bets before the game starts, with fixed odds that remain static until the match begins. Pre-match betting allows for more strategic planning and research, as bettors can analyze team form, weather conditions, and other factors. Both types offer unique advantages: live betting provides excitement and immediacy, while pre-match betting offers stability and strategic depth.

How do Betway's live betting rules differ from pre-match betting?

Betway's live betting rules differ from pre-match betting primarily in the dynamic nature of odds and the immediate impact of events on the game. In live betting, odds are continuously updated based on real-time developments, such as goals, fouls, or injuries, offering more volatile and potentially higher-reward opportunities. Pre-match betting, on the other hand, involves fixed odds set before the event starts, allowing for more strategic planning and analysis. Live betting requires quicker decision-making and adaptability, while pre-match betting offers more time for research and deliberation. Both formats have their unique appeal, catering to different betting strategies and preferences.

 

What's the Best Way to Know the Playing 11 Before an IPL Match?

To know the playing 11 before an IPL match, follow official team announcements on social media platforms like Twitter and Instagram, where captains often reveal lineups. Additionally, reliable sports news websites and apps like ESPN Cricinfo and Cricket Australia provide pre-match analysis and confirmed squads. Watching pre-match shows on sports channels can also give insights. For the most accurate information, always cross-verify with official sources as teams may make last-minute changes. Stay updated with live commentary and match updates for any last-minute alterations.

How can I maximize my winnings with pre-match betting?

Maximizing winnings in pre-match betting involves thorough research and strategic planning. Start by analyzing team statistics, recent form, head-to-head records, and any external factors like injuries or weather conditions. Use this data to identify value bets where the odds are higher than the actual probability of an outcome. Diversify your bets across multiple markets to spread risk and increase potential returns. Stay updated with news and trends to adjust your strategies. Lastly, manage your bankroll wisely by setting limits and avoiding impulsive bets. By combining knowledge, strategy, and discipline, you can enhance your chances of winning in pre-match betting.

How do live odds compare to pre-match odds in football betting?

Live odds in football betting can fluctuate significantly compared to pre-match odds due to real-time events on the field. Pre-match odds are set before the game starts, based on team form, injuries, and other static factors. However, live odds adapt to dynamic changes like goals, red cards, and shifts in momentum. These fluctuations can present opportunities for savvy bettors to capitalize on in-play markets. While pre-match odds offer stability, live odds provide a more responsive reflection of the game's current state, making them a crucial element for those who follow the action closely.